• Vocabulary
• Verb To Be
  • Affirmative sentences
  • Negative sentences
  • Interrogative sentences
• Dialogue
  • Example 1
  • Example 2
  • Example 3
• Important note

Bienvenido a la primera lección de inglés nivel A1. Aquí aprenderás vocabulario básico, el verbo "to be" y algunos diálogos simples para que puedas empezar a comunicarte en inglés.

# Vocabulary

Este vocabulario debe estudiarse a través de Anki para que exista una mejor retención. Todo el material relacionado lo puedes encontrar en My learning journal - Repositorio de GitHub. Aquí hay una tabla con las palabras y sus traducciones al español, junto con explicaciones y ejemplos para cada palabra:

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo 1	Ejemplo 2
I	Yo	Personal pronoun used by the speaker to refer to themselves.	I am happy.	I like to read books.
You	Tú / Usted	Personal pronoun used to refer to the person being spoken to.	You are my friend.	Can you help me?
He	Él	Personal pronoun used to refer to a male individual.	He is my brother.	He likes to play soccer.
She	Ella	Personal pronoun used to refer to a female individual.	She is my sister.	She enjoys painting.
It	Eso / Él / Ella (para objetos o animales)	Personal pronoun used to refer to objects, animals, or concepts.	It is a sunny day.	The cat is cute; it is sleeping.
We	Nosotros / Nosotras	Personal pronoun used to refer to a group that includes the speaker.	We are going to the park.	We love music.
They	Ellos / Ellas	Personal pronoun used to refer to a group of people or things.	They are my friends.	They live in a big house.
Actor	Actor	A person who performs in plays, movies, or television shows.	The actor won an award for his performance.	She wants to be an actor when she grows up.
Cage	Jaula	A structure made of bars or wires in which animals are kept.	The bird is in the cage.	He built a cage for his pet rabbit.
Spoon	Cuchara	A utensil used for eating or serving food.	I use a spoon to eat soup.	She stirred the coffee with a spoon.
Teacher	Maestro / Maestra	A person who educates students in a school or other educational setting.	The teacher explained the lesson clearly.	My teacher is very kind.
Student	Estudiante	A person who is learning, especially in a school or college.	The student is studying for the exam.	She is a diligent student.
Vase	Jarrón	A decorative container used to hold flowers.	The vase is filled with fresh flowers.	She bought a beautiful vase for her living room.
Watch	Reloj	A small timepiece worn on the wrist or carried in a pocket.	He checks his watch to see the time.	She received a watch as a gift.
Ruler	Regla	A tool used for measuring length or drawing straight lines.	The student used a ruler to draw a straight line.	The teacher handed out rulers to the class.
Ring	Anillo	A circular band worn on the finger as jewelry or a symbol.	She wears a ring on her finger.	He gave her a ring as a gift.
Plate	Plato	A flat dish used for serving food.	The plate is full of delicious food.	She placed the cake on a decorative plate.
Orange	Naranja	A round citrus fruit with a tough skin and sweet, juicy flesh.	I like to drink orange juice.	She peeled an orange for a snack.
Newspaper	Periódico	A printed publication containing news, articles, and advertisements.	He reads the newspaper every morning.	The newspaper reported on the local event.
Mirror	Espejo	A reflective surface that shows an image of whatever is in front of it.	She looked at herself in the mirror.	The mirror is hanging on the wall.
Eraser	Borrador / Goma de borrar	A small object used to remove pencil marks from paper.	He used an eraser to fix his mistake.	The eraser is on the desk.
Example	Ejemplo	A specific instance or case used to illustrate a concept or idea.	The teacher gave an example to explain the lesson.	Can you provide an example of that?
Fork	Tenedor	A utensil with prongs used for eating or serving food.	She used a fork to eat her salad.	The fork is on the table next to the knife.
Glass	Vaso	A container used for drinking liquids.	He drank water from a glass.	The glass is on the kitchen counter.
Iron	Plancha	A device used to press clothes to remove wrinkles.	She used an iron to smooth her shirt.	The iron is hot, be careful!
Key	Llave	A small metal object used to open locks.	He used a key to unlock the door.	The key is hanging on the wall.
Cup	Taza	A small container used for drinking hot beverages.	She drank tea from a cup.	The cup is on the table.
Curtain	Cortina	A piece of fabric used to cover windows or separate spaces.	The curtain is drawn to block the sunlight.	She bought new curtains for the living room.
Dog	Perro	A domesticated carnivorous mammal often kept as a pet.	The dog is barking loudly.	She takes her dog for a walk every day.
Exercise	Ejercicio	An activity that requires physical effort to improve health and fitness.	He goes for a run as part of his exercise routine.	The teacher assigned an exercise for the students to complete.
Grammar	Gramática	The set of rules that govern the structure of sentences in a language.	The student is learning English grammar.	Good grammar is important for clear communication.
Number	Número	A mathematical value used for counting or measuring.	The number five comes after four.	She wrote the number on the board.
Statement	Declaración	A sentence that expresses an idea or fact.	The teacher made a statement about the homework.	His statement was clear and concise.
Following	Siguiente	Coming after or next in order.	The following day, we went to the beach.	Please read the following instructions carefully.
Greetings	Saludos	Words or phrases used to acknowledge someone's presence or arrival.	Common greetings include "Hello" and "Good morning."	She sent greetings to her friends in the letter.
Question	Pregunta	A sentence or phrase used to ask for information.	The student asked a question about the lesson.	Can you answer my question?
Pronoun	Pronombre	A word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence.	"He" is a pronoun used to refer to a male individual.	Pronouns help avoid repetition in sentences.
Subject	Sujeto	The person or thing that performs the action in a sentence.	The subject of the sentence is "The cat."	In the sentence "She runs fast," the subject is "She."
Married	Casado / Casada	The state of being legally united to a spouse.	They are married and have two children.	She got married last year.
Single	Soltero / Soltera	The state of not being married or in a romantic relationship.	He is single and enjoys his independence.	She has been single for a long time.
Plural	Plural	A grammatical form used to indicate more than one person or thing.	The plural of "cat" is "cats."	In English, adding "s" often makes a noun plural.
Affirmative	Afirmativo	A statement that expresses agreement or confirmation.	The answer is affirmative; we will attend the meeting.	She gave an affirmative response to the invitation.
Negative	Negativo	A statement that expresses denial or refusal.	His answer was negative; he cannot come to the party.	She gave a negative response to the proposal.
Singular	Singular	A grammatical form used to indicate one person or thing.	The singular form of "dogs" is "dog."	In English, nouns are singular when referring to one item.

Poco a poco iré añadiendo más palabras a esta lista. Tu también puedes sugerirme nuevas palabras que consideres importantes para este nivel. Puedes usar mi email, GitHub o escribe por Linkedin.

# Verb To Be

El verbo "to be" es lo que estudiamos toda la vida en la escuela durante varios años. Lo presento acá de manera simple porque es propio para esta lección. Qué es el verbo "to be"? Es el verbo "ser" o "estar". Se usa para describir estados, características, identidades y ubicaciones.

1. Diana y Graciela son mis hermanas -> Diana and Graciela are my sisters.
2. Ese auto es hermoso -> That car is beautiful.
3. Ella tiene 32 años -> She is 32 years old.
4. Mi casa está en la ciudad -> My house is in the city.
5. El parque está cerca de mi casa -> The park is near my house.
6. Él es mi mejor amigo -> He is my best friend.
7. Estoy emocionado por el viaje -> I am excited about the trip.
8. Él es Italiano -> He is Italian.
9. Cuánto cuesta eso? -> How much is that?

# Affirmative sentences

Forma tradicional	Forma contraída
I am a teacher.	I'm a teacher.
You are my friend.	You're my friend.
He is happy.	He's happy.
She is a student.	She's a student.
It is a cat.	It's a cat.
We are family.	We're family.
They are neighbors.	They're neighbors.

# Negative sentences

Forma tradicional	Forma contraída	Forma contraída alternativa
I am not tired.	I'm not tired.	I'm not tired.
You are not late.	You're not late.	You aren't late.
He is not busy.	He's not busy.	He isn't busy.
She is not here.	She's not here.	She isn't here.
It is not cold.	It's not cold.	It isn't cold.
We are not ready.	We're not ready.	We aren't ready.
They are not friends.	They're not friends.	They aren't friends.

# Interrogative sentences

Pregunta	Respuesta corta afirmativa	Respuesta corta negativa
Am I late?	Yes, you are.	No, you are not.
Are you a student?	Yes, I am.	No, I am not.
Is he your brother?	Yes, he is.	No, he is not.
Is she a doctor?	Yes, she is.	No, she is not.
Is it a dog?	Yes, it is.	No, it is not.
Are we friends?	Yes, we are.	No, we are not.
Are they teachers?	Yes, they are.	No, they are not.

Nota importante: En las respuestas cortas positivas, nunca se usa la forma contraída.

# Dialogue

Nosotros, los estudiantes de inglés en realidad queremos hablar. Sin embargo, estos diálogos muy poco aportan a la comunicación real. Su objetivo principal es obtener vocabulario y estructuras gramaticales básicas.

Yo fui a los Estados Unidos hace unos años y nadie habla así, lo puedes comprobar viendo alguna serie o película en inglés. Quiero ser completamente honesto contigo.

Pero pienso que es un buen punto de partida para entender cómo funciona el idioma y al mismo tiempo ganar confianza al leer. Además, esto apoya mi objetivo personal que es ser un profesor de inglés certificado.

# Example 1

Personajes	Diálogo
A	Hi! How are you?
B	I'm fine, thank you. And you?
A	I'm good too. Is this your first time here?
B	Yes, it is. I'm a bit nervous.
A	Don't worry! Everyone is friendly. Are you enjoying the event?
B	Yes, I am. It's very interesting.
A	I'm glad to hear that! Are you planning to attend the next one?
B	Yes, I am. I want to learn more.

# Example 2

Personajes	Diálogo
Graaa	Hello! I'm Graaa.
Italo	Hi Graaa! I'm Italo. Nice to meet you.
Graaa	Nice to meet you too, Italo. Are you new here?
Italo	Yes, I am. It's my first day.
Graaa	Welcome! Don't be nervous. Everyone is very kind.
Italo	Thank you! I'm excited to be here.

# Example 3

Personajes	Diálogo
Student	Good morning! Are you a teacher?
Teacher	Yes, I am. How can I help you?
Student	I have a question about the homework.
Teacher	Sure! What is your question?
Student	I don't understand the last exercise.
Teacher	Let me explain it to you. It's about using the verb "to be".
Student	Oh, I see now. Thank you for your help!
Teacher	You're welcome! If you have more questions, feel free to ask.

# Important note

Recuerda que lo mas importante es estudiar las palabras mediante Anki. Hacerlo te praparará para que pronto puedas ver películas o series en inglés con subtítulos en inglés. Esto es fundamental para mejorar tu comprensión auditiva y tu vocabulario.