Inglés para Developers: desde cero (A1–C2)

Verbo To Be en inglés: afirmativas, negativas e interrogativas con ejemplos y vocabulario

10-11-2025 | English A1 8 min

Bienvenido a la primera lección de inglés nivel A1. Aquí aprenderás vocabulario básico, el verbo "to be" y algunos diálogos simples para que puedas empezar a comunicarte en inglés. Sin embargo, recuerda que lo más importante es estudiar con Anki y practicar constantemente.

Conocer todas estas palabras te permitirá ver seríes en inglés con subtítulos en inglés. Además, de leer inicialmente textos sencillos.

Vocabulary

Este vocabulario debe estudiarse a través de Anki. Todo el material relacionado lo puedes encontrar en My learning journal - Repositorio de GitHub.

Inglés Español Explicación Ejemplo
I Yo Personal pronoun used by the speaker to refer to themselves. I am happy.
You Tú / Usted Personal pronoun used to refer to the person being spoken to. You are my friend.
He Él Personal pronoun used to refer to a male individual. He is my brother.
She Ella Personal pronoun used to refer to a female individual. She is my sister.
It Eso / Él / Ella (para objetos o animales) Personal pronoun used to refer to objects, animals, or concepts. It is a sunny day.
We Nosotros / Nosotras Personal pronoun used to refer to a group that includes the speaker. We are going to the park.
They Ellos / Ellas Personal pronoun used to refer to a group of people or things. They are my friends.
Actor Actor A person who performs in plays, movies, or television shows. The actor won an award for his performance.
Cage Jaula A structure made of bars or wires in which animals are kept. The bird is in the cage.
Spoon Cuchara A utensil used for eating or serving food. I use a spoon to eat soup.
Vase Jarrón A decorative container used to hold flowers. The vase is filled with fresh flowers.
Ruler Regla A tool used for measuring length or drawing straight lines. The student used a ruler to draw a straight line.
Ring Anillo A circular band worn on the finger as jewelry or a symbol. She wears a ring on her finger.
Plate Plato A flat dish used for serving food. The plate is full of delicious food.
Orange Naranja A round citrus fruit with a tough skin and sweet, juicy flesh. I like to drink orange juice.
Newspaper Periódico A printed publication containing news, articles, and advertisements. He reads the newspaper every morning.
Eraser Borrador / Goma de borrar A small object used to remove pencil marks from paper. He used an eraser to fix his mistake.
Example Ejemplo A specific instance or case used to illustrate a concept or idea. The teacher gave an example to explain the lesson.
Fork Tenedor A utensil with prongs used for eating or serving food. She used a fork to eat her salad.
Glass Vaso A container used for drinking liquids. He drank water from a glass.
Iron Plancha A device used to press clothes to remove wrinkles. She used an iron to smooth her shirt.
Key Llave A small metal object used to open locks. He used a key to unlock the door.
Cup Taza A small container used for drinking hot beverages. She drank tea from a cup.
Curtain Cortina A piece of fabric used to cover windows or separate spaces. The curtain is drawn to block the sunlight.
Exercise Ejercicio An activity that requires physical effort to improve health and fitness. He goes for a run as part of his exercise routine.
Grammar Gramática The set of rules that govern the structure of sentences in a language. The student is learning English grammar.
Number Número A mathematical value used for counting or measuring. The number five comes after four.
Statement Declaración A sentence that expresses an idea or fact. The teacher made a statement about the homework.
Following Siguiente Coming after or next in order. The following day, we went to the beach.
Greetings Saludos Words or phrases used to acknowledge someone's presence or arrival. Common greetings include "Hello" and "Good morning."
Pronoun Pronombre A word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence. "He" is a pronoun used to refer to a male individual.
Subject Sujeto The person or thing that performs the action in a sentence. The subject of the sentence is "The cat."
Married Casado / Casada The state of being legally united to a spouse. They are married and have two children.
Single Soltero / Soltera The state of not being married or in a romantic relationship. He is single and enjoys his independence.
Plural Plural A grammatical form used to indicate more than one person or thing. The plural of "cat" is "cats."
Affirmative Afirmativo A statement that expresses agreement or confirmation. The answer is affirmative; we will attend the meeting.
Negative Negativo A statement that expresses denial or refusal. His answer was negative; he cannot come to the party.
Singular Singular A grammatical form used to indicate one person or thing. The singular form of "dogs" is "dog."
I'm fine, thanks Estoy bien, gracias A common response to the question "How are you?" When asked how he was, he replied, "I'm fine, thanks."
How are you? ¿Cómo estás? A common greeting used to inquire about someone's well-being. She greeted her friend and asked, "How are you?"
How is it going? ¿Cómo va todo? A casual way to ask about someone's current situation or feelings. He met his colleague and asked, "How is it going?"
I'm okay Estoy bien A simple response indicating that one is doing well. When asked about her health, she said, "I'm okay."

Verb To Be

El verbo "to be" es lo que estudiamos toda la vida en la escuela durante varios años. Lo presento acá de manera simple porque es propio para esta lección. Qué es el verbo "to be"? Es el verbo "ser" o "estar". Se usa para describir estados, características, identidades y ubicaciones.

  1. Diana y Graciela son mis hermanas -> Diana and Graciela are my sisters.
  2. Ese auto es hermoso -> That car is beautiful.
  3. Ella tiene 32 años -> She is 32 years old.
  4. Mi casa está en la ciudad -> My house is in the city.
  5. El parque está cerca de mi casa -> The park is near my house.
  6. Él es mi mejor amigo -> He is my best friend.
  7. Estoy emocionado por el viaje -> I am excited about the trip.
  8. Él es Italiano -> He is Italian.
  9. Cuánto cuesta eso? -> How much is that?

Affirmative sentences

Forma tradicional Forma contraída
I am a teacher. I'm a teacher.
You are my friend. You're my friend.
He is happy. He's happy.
She is a student. She's a student.
It is a cat. It's a cat.
We are family. We're family.
They are neighbors. They're neighbors.

Negative sentences

Forma tradicional Forma contraída Forma contraída alternativa
I am not tired. I'm not tired. I'm not tired.
You are not late. You're not late. You aren't late.
He is not busy. He's not busy. He isn't busy.
She is not here. She's not here. She isn't here.
It is not cold. It's not cold. It isn't cold.
We are not ready. We're not ready. We aren't ready.
They are not friends. They're not friends. They aren't friends.

Interrogative sentences

Pregunta Respuesta corta afirmativa Respuesta corta negativa
Am I late? Yes, you are. No, you are not.
Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Is he your brother? Yes, he is. No, he is not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. No, she is not.
Is it a dog? Yes, it is. No, it is not.
Are we friends? Yes, we are. No, we are not.
Are they teachers? Yes, they are. No, they are not.

Nota importante: En las respuestas cortas positivas, nunca se usa la forma contraída.

Dialogue

Here are some simple dialogues using the verb "to be" in different contexts. These dialogues will help you with vocabulary and basic structure.

Example 1

Personajes Diálogo
A Hi! How are you?
B I'm fine, thank you. And you?
A I'm good too. Is this your first time here?
B Yes, it is. I'm a bit nervous.
A Don't worry! Everyone is friendly. Are you enjoying the event?
B Yes, I am. It's very interesting.
A I'm glad to hear that! Are you planning to attend the next one?
B Yes, I am. I want to learn more.

Example 2

Personajes Diálogo
Graaa Hello! I'm Graaa.
Italo Hi Graaa! I'm Italo. Nice to meet you.
Graaa Nice to meet you too, Italo. Are you new here?
Italo Yes, I am. It's my first day.
Graaa Welcome! Don't be nervous. Everyone is very kind.
Italo Thank you! I'm excited to be here.

Example 3

Personajes Diálogo
Student Good morning! Are you a teacher?
Teacher Yes, I am. How can I help you?
Student I have a question about the homework.
Teacher Sure! What is your question?
Student I don't understand the last exercise.
Teacher Let me explain it to you. It's about using the verb "to be".
Student Oh, I see now. Thank you for your help!
Teacher You're welcome! If you have more questions, feel free to ask.
Última actualización: 15-12-2025

Links

  1. My learning journal ↗ - Repositorio en GitHub

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