Vocabulario básico antes del nivel A1 de inglés

Repetición espaciada
Días de la semana / Days of the week
Meses del año / Months of the year
Estaciones del año / Seasons
Colores / Colors
Miembros de la familia / Family members
Otras palabras útiles / Other useful words

Aprender un nuevo idioma requiere de un vocabulario básico inicial.

Conocer las palabras más comunes y útiles te permitirá comprender las primeras lecciones y textos con mayor facilidad. El objetivo es entender.

Aprender inglés desde cero puede ser mucho más fácil si primero conoces las palabras que usan los profesores. En el nivel A1 escucharás términos como noun, verb, adjective o adverb, que ya mencionamos en Comienza a aprender inglés: guía para principiantes. Si no sabes qué significan, cada explicación puede volverse confusa.

Ahora, aquí encontrarás el vocabulario esencial que todo principiante debería dominar antes de comenzar a estudiar inglés formalmente. Esto te ayudará a entender mejor las instrucciones del profesor, seguir las clases con confianza y construir una base sólida para avanzar en tu aprendizaje.

Aquí encontrarás tablas con la palabra en inglés, su traducción al español, una breve explicación y dos ejemplos de uso. Además, mientras lees una palabra sencilla y común.

No deberías empezar el nivel A1 sin antes repasar y aprender este vocabulario básico. Es mi humilde recomendación.

Repetición espaciada

Leer esto una sola vez no será suficiente. De hecho, sé que muchos lectores harán un repaso muy por encima, sin detenerse a estudiar.

Por ello, quiero enfatizar que la forma más efectiva de aprender este vocabulario es mediante la repetición espaciada, una técnica que te permite memorizar y retener información a largo plazo. En este sentido, Anki será tu mejor aliado. Te recomiendo importar este vocabulario en Anki y repasarlo a diario. Así podrás recordar las palabras de forma natural y convertir este conocimiento en una base sólida para seguir aprendiendo inglés.

Los materiales que he preparado para ti incluyen un mazo de Anki y una hoja de Google Sheets (lo puedes descargar como CSV o XLSX), puedas elegir el formato que mejor se adapte a tus necesidades de estudio.

Todo lo conseguirás de forma gratuita en mi repositorio de GitHub.

Y, si no tienes Anki instalado, aquí tienes el enlace oficial para descargarlo:

Download Anki.

¡Espero que te sea útil!

Días de la semana / Days of the week

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
Monday	Lunes	The first day of the week.	I have a meeting on Monday.
Tuesday	Martes	The second day of the week.	We will go shopping on Tuesday.
Wednesday	Miércoles	The third day of the week.	My birthday is on Wednesday.
Thursday	Jueves	The fourth day of the week.	I have a dentist appointment on Thursday.
Friday	Viernes	The fifth day of the week.	We will have a party on Friday.
Saturday	Sábado	The sixth day of the week.	I like to relax on Saturday.
Sunday	Domingo	The seventh day of the week.	We go to church on Sunday.

Meses del año / Months of the year

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
January	Enero	The first month of the year.	My birthday is in January.
February	Febrero	The second month of the year.	Valentine's Day is in February.
March	Marzo	The third month of the year.	Spring begins in March.
April	Abril	The fourth month of the year.	April is known for its rain.
May	Mayo	The fifth month of the year.	May is a popular month for weddings.
June	Junio	The sixth month of the year.	School ends in June.
July	Julio	The seventh month of the year.	Independence Day is in July.
August	Agosto	The eighth month of the year.	August is usually hot.
September	Septiembre	The ninth month of the year.	School starts in September.
October	Octubre	The tenth month of the year.	Halloween is in October.
November	Noviembre	The eleventh month of the year.	Thanksgiving is in November.
December	Diciembre	The twelfth month of the year.	Christmas is in December.

Estaciones del año / Seasons

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
Spring	Primavera	The season between winter and summer.	We like to go for walks in spring.
Summer	Verano	The warmest season of the year.	We go to the beach in summer.
Autumn	Otoño	The season between summer and winter.	The leaves change color in autumn.
Winter	Invierno	The coldest season of the year.	It snows in winter.

Colores / Colors

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
Red	Rojo	The color of fire and blood.	She wore a red dress.
Blue	Azul	The color of the sky and the ocean.	The sky is blue.
Green	Verde	The color of grass and leaves.	The grass is green.
Yellow	Amarillo	The color of the sun and bananas.	The sun is yellow.
Black	Negro	The color of darkness.	Black is often associated with elegance.
White	Blanco	The color of snow and milk.	The snow is white.
Violet	Violeta	The color of violets and lavender.	The flowers are violet.
Purple	Púrpura	A color between blue and red.	The sky turned purple at sunset.
Golden	Dorado	The color of gold.	The ring is golden.
Silver	Plateado	The color of silver.	The necklace is silver.
Navy	Marino	A dark shade of blue.	He wore a navy suit.
Brown	Marrón	The color of chocolate and coffee.	The dog is brown.
Gray	Gris	The color of ashes and clouds.	The sky is gray today.
Pink	Rosa	The color of cotton candy and flowers.	The dress is pink.
Olive	Oliva	A dark yellowish-green color.	The olive tree is beautiful.

Miembros de la familia / Family members

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
Father	Padre	A male parent.	My father is very kind.
Mother	Madre	A female parent.	My mother cooks delicious meals.
Brother	Hermano	A male sibling.	My brother is very funny.
Sister	Hermana	A female sibling.	My sister is very talented.
Sibling	Hermano/a	A brother or sister.	My sibling is my best friend.
Grandfather	Abuelo	The father of one's parent.	My grandfather is very wise.
Grandmother	Abuela	The mother of one's parent.	My grandmother is very caring.
Uncle	Tío	The brother of one's parent.	My uncle is very funny.
Aunt	Tía	The sister of one's parent.	My aunt is very supportive.
Cousin	Primo/a	The child of one's uncle or aunt.	My cousin is very friendly.
Nephew	Sobrino	The son of one's sibling.	My nephew is very energetic.
Niece	Sobrina	The daughter of one's sibling.	My niece is very creative.
Son	Hijo	A male child of one's parent.	My son is very curious.
Daughter	Hija	A female child of one's parent.	My daughter is very intelligent.
Parent	Padre/Madre	A mother or father.	My parent is my role model.
Child	Hijo/a	A son or daughter.	My child is my greatest joy.
Spouse	Cónyuge	A husband or wife.	My spouse is my best friend.
Family	Familia	A group of related people.	My family is very important to me.
Relatives	Parientes	People related by blood or marriage.	I visit my relatives during the holidays.

Otras palabras útiles / Other useful words

Inglés	Español	Explicación	Ejemplo
Please	Por favor	A polite way to ask for something.	Could you please help me?
Thank you	Gracias	A polite expression of gratitude.	Thank you for your help.
Dog	Perro	An animal that lives with people and is friendly and loyal.	My dog loves to play fetch.
Cat	Gato	An animal that lives with people and likes to be alone.	My cat enjoys sleeping in the sun.
Teacher	Profesor/a	A person who helps others learn.	My teacher is very kind.
Student	Estudiante	A person who is learning.	I am a student at the local high school.
Friend	Amigo/a	A person you like and trust.	My friend and I go to the park together.
Flower	Flor	A colorful plant often given as a gift.	I received a beautiful flower for my birthday.
Watch	Reloj	A device used to tell time.	I bought a new watch yesterday.
Anger	Enojo	A strong feeling of displeasure.	He felt a surge of anger when he heard the news.
Food	Comida	Something people or animals eat to live and be healthy.	I love trying new types of food.
Water	Agua	A clear, colorless liquid essential for life.	I drink plenty of water every day.
House	Casa	A building where people live.	My house is my sanctuary.
Car	Coche / Auto	A vehicle used for transportation.	I drive my car to work every day.
Time	Tiempo	The ongoing sequence of events taking place.	Time flies when you're having fun.
Wardrobe	Armario	A piece of furniture used for storing clothes.	I keep my clothes organized in the wardrobe.
Shirts	Camisas	Clothes we wear on the top part of our body.	I have several shirts in my wardrobe.
Firemen	Bomberos	People who are trained to extinguish fires.	The firemen arrived quickly to put out the fire.
Pillow	Almohada	A soft object used to support the head while sleeping.	I like to sleep with a soft pillow.
Tables	Mesas	Furniture with a flat top and legs, used for eating or working.	We eat dinner at the dining tables.
Idea	Idea	A thought or suggestion about a possible course of action.	I have a great idea for our project.
Love	Amor	A deep feeling of affection and care.	Love is an important part of life.
Anxiety	Ansiedad	A feeling of worry or fear.	She felt a wave of anxiety before the exam.
Moon	Luna	The natural satellite of the Earth, visible at night.	The moon shines brightly in the night sky.
Feet	Pies	The lower extremities of the legs.	My feet are tired after a long day of walking.
Sky	Cielo	The expanse of air over the Earth.	The sky is clear and blue today.
Oceans	Océanos	Large bodies of saltwater that cover most of the Earth's surface.	The oceans are home to many marine species.
Coat	Abrigo	A warm piece of clothing we wear over other clothes.	I wear a warm coat in the winter.
Legs	Piernas	The parts of the body we use to stand and walk.	He ran fast using his strong legs.
Gift	Regalo	Something given to someone without expecting anything in return.	I bought a gift for my friend's birthday.
Earth	Tierra	The third planet from the Sun, home to all known life.	We live on planet Earth.
Hope	Esperanza	A feeling that something good will happen.	I have hope for a better future.
Hate	Odio	A strong feeling of dislike.	I hate waiting in long lines.
Bet	Apuesta	To say you think something will happen and risk money or something else on it.	I made a bet with my friend on the game.
Attention	Atención	The act of focusing on something.	Please pay attention to the instructions.
Speech	Discurso	Talking in front of people to share ideas or feelings.	He gave a powerful speech at the conference.
Trick	Truco	Something done to fool or surprise someone.	The magician performed an amazing trick.
Event	Evento	An occurrence or happening, often of significance.	The concert was a memorable event.
Kisses	Besos	When you touch someone with your lips to show love or care.	She gave her mother kisses before leaving.
Pain	Dolor	A bad feeling in your body when you are hurt or sick.	He felt a sharp pain in his leg.
Answer	Respuesta	A response to a question or situation.	I gave the correct answer to the question.
Question	Pregunta	Something you ask to get information.	She asked a question about the homework.
Meeting	Reunión	When people come together to talk or decide something.	We have a meeting scheduled for tomorrow.
Farewell	Despedida	An act of saying goodbye.	We had a farewell party for our colleague.
Mom	Mamá	A female parent.	My mom makes the best cookies.
Dad	Papá	A male parent.	My dad is very hardworking.
Pet	Mascota	An animal you keep at home for fun or company.	I have a pet dog named Rex.
Party	Fiesta	A time when people meet to have fun, eat, or dance.	We are throwing a birthday party for my sister.
Message	Mensaje	Words you send or give to another person.	I received a message from my friend yesterday.
Materials	Materiales	Things used to make or build something.	The project requires various materials like wood and paint.
Address	Dirección	The location of a person or organization.	Please write down your address for the delivery.
Shoes	Zapatos	Things you wear on your feet to protect them.	I bought a new pair of shoes for the event.
Game	Juego	Something you do for fun or competition.	We played a board game last night.
Neighbor	Vecino	A person who lives near your house.	Our neighbor is very friendly and helpful.
Rest	Descanso	A period of time spent doing nothing or sleeping.	After a long day, I need some rest.
Sad	Triste	Feeling unhappy or not good.	She felt sad after hearing the bad news.
Play	Jugar	To do something for fun, not for work.	The children love to play in the park.
Kind	Amable	Friendly and nice to other people.	She is very kind to everyone she meets.
Awake	Despierto	Not sleeping; open eyes and alert.	I was awake all night studying for the exam.
Tired	Cansado	In need of sleep or rest; weary.	After the long hike, I felt very tired.
Mirror	Espejo	A thing made of glass where you can see your reflection.	I checked myself in the mirror before leaving the house.

Por ahora esto es todo, ¡buena suerte con tu aprendizaje del inglés!

Última actualización: 15-12-2025

Inglés para Developers: desde cero (A1–C2)

A1